The Collateral Consequences of a Criminal Conviction

A criminal conviction doesn’t just carry legal penalties—it can have long-term consequences that impact nearly every aspect of life. From job opportunities to housing applications and even personal relationships, a conviction can follow you long after you’ve served your sentence. Understanding these collateral consequences is essential for anyone navigating the criminal justice system.

Employment Challenges

One of the biggest hurdles for those with a criminal record is finding stable employment. Many employers conduct background checks, and certain industries—such as healthcare, education, and law enforcement—have strict policies against hiring individuals with criminal convictions.

Even jobs that don’t legally prohibit hiring individuals with records may still be difficult to secure due to employer bias. Some states, including Washington, have enacted “Ban the Box” laws to prevent employers from immediately disqualifying applicants based on their criminal history, but challenges still remain.

Housing Barriers

Securing housing can be just as difficult as finding a job. Many landlords run background checks and may deny applicants with felony convictions, especially for drug-related or violent offenses. Public housing programs also impose strict eligibility rules, often barring individuals with certain convictions from receiving assistance. As a result, many people with criminal records face limited housing options, forcing them into unstable living situations or homelessness.

Loss of Civil Rights

A criminal conviction can strip individuals of important civil rights. In Washington, felony convictions can lead to the loss of the right to vote, serve on a jury, or own a firearm. While some rights, like voting, can be restored after serving a sentence, others—such as firearm possession—require additional legal action. Understanding these restrictions is crucial for individuals looking to reintegrate into society.

Professional Licensing and Education Roadblocks

For those hoping to pursue careers in licensed professions—such as nursing, law, or real estate—a criminal record can be a significant barrier. Many licensing boards conduct background checks and may deny applications based on past convictions. Additionally, some colleges and universities ask about criminal history in the admissions process, making higher education more difficult to access.

Social and Family Consequences

Beyond legal and financial barriers, a criminal record can affect personal relationships. Custody battles may become more complicated if one parent has a conviction, particularly for drug or violent offenses. Social stigma can also make it harder to rebuild relationships, leading to isolation and difficulties in reintegrating into the community.

How a Lawyer Can Help

If you or a loved one has a criminal conviction, it’s important to know that legal options may be available. Expungement, record sealing, and other post-conviction relief measures can help reduce the impact of a past conviction. An experienced criminal defense attorney can guide you through the process and help protect your future.

At the Law Office of Erin Bradley McAleer, we understand the lasting effects of a criminal conviction and are dedicated to helping clients move forward. Contact us today to learn more about your legal options.